Discourses of refugees and asylum seekers in the UK press, 1996-2006
Key Facts
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Funding Body: |
ESRC
(£44,867) |
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Principal Investigator: |
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Co-investigators: |
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Researchers: |
Project Description
Refugees and asylum seekers seeking entry into the
UK have become the focus of intense media and political discussion. On this
project, we explore the discourses surrounding these groups, examining both how
that discourse has evolved and how it has constructed both groups. In doing so,
we are seeking to meet a methodological objective: the marriage of the broadly
quantitative methodology of corpus linguistics with the traditionally
qualitative methods of critical discourse analysis. Our intention is to both
better account for the construction of the identities of refugees and asylum
seekers in the UK press while simultaneously affirming, amending or challenging
past work undertaken on media representations of both groups.
The main aims of the
project are:
1.
To further the contribution of corpus
linguistics to CDA by showing how corpora can play an important role in
critical social research.
2.
To achieve that by an exploration of
the construction of refugees and asylum seekers in the UK press.
3.
To explore the discursive construction
of the groups in focus both synchronically and diachronically over the period
1996-2006, using multiple UK news sources, which will allow as to examine a
range of contrasts (e.g. regional vs. national; tabloid vs. broadsheet).
4.
To explore the possible relations
between discourses surrounding refugees/asylum seekers and van Dijk's (1987) description of racist discourses.
5.
To reflect critically upon aim (1) by
mapping out the possible uses of corpora in CDA while considering what corpora
cannot achieve, and hence what marriage between corpus and non-corpus based
approaches may be best for CDA.
Project
Outputs: Publications and presentations directly reporting on the project
1. Publications
Baker, P., Gabrielatos C., Khosravinik,
M., Krzyzanowski, M., McEnery, T. & Wodak, R. (2008). A useful
methodological synergy? Combining critical discourse analysis and corpus
linguistics to examine discourses of refugees and asylum seekers in the UK
press. Discourse & Society 19(3), 273-305. [Also online]
Gabrielatos, C. & Baker, P. (2008).
Fleeing, sneaking, flooding: A corpus analysis of discursive constructions of
refugees and asylum seekers in the UK Press 1996-2005. Journal of English
Linguistics 36(1), 5-38.
Gabrielatos,
C. (2007). Selecting query terms to build a specialised corpus from a
restricted-access database. ICAME
Journal, 31, 5-43. [Also online]
KhosraviNik, M. (2010). The
representation of refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants in British
newspapers: A Critical Discourse Analysis. Journal of Language and Politics,
9(1), 1-28.
KhosraviNik, M. (2010) Actor
descriptions, action attributions and argumentation: Towards a systematization
of CDA analytical categories in representation of social groups. Journal of Critical Discourse Studies,
7(1), 55-72.
KhosraviNik, M. (2009). The
representation of refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants in British newspapers
during the Balkan conflict (1999) and the British general election (2005). Discourse
& Society, 20(4), 477-498.
KhosraviNik, M. (2008). British
newspapers and the representation of refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants
between 1996 and 2006. Centre for Language in Social Life Working Papers, 28. Lancaster University. [Online].
2. Conference papers
Baker, P., Gabrielatos, C. & McEnery, T.
(2008). Using collocational profiling to investigate
the construction of refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants in the UK press. 7th
Conference of the American Association for Corpus Linguistics (AACL 2008),
Brigham Young University,
Provo, Utah, 13-15 March 2008. [Abstract, pp.
18-19 | Slides]
Baker, P., McEnery, T. &
Gabrielatos, C. (2007). Using collocation analysis to reveal the construction
of minority groups: The case of refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants in the
UK press. Paper given at Corpus Linguistics 2007, University of Birmingham,
28-30 July 2007. [Abstract and slides available online]
Gabrielatos, C. & Baker, P. (2006).
Representation of refugees and asylum seekers in UK newspapers: Towards a corpus-based
analysis. Paper given at the Joint Annual Meeting of the British Association
for Applied Linguistics and the Irish Association for Applied Linguistics,
University College, Cork, Ireland, 7-9 September 2006. (Abstract and slides available online).
Gabrielatos, C. & Baker, P. (2006).
Representation of refugees and asylum seekers in UK newspapers: Towards a
corpus-based comparison of the stance of tabloids and broadsheets. Paper given
at the First International Conference: Critical Approaches to Discourse
Analysis Across Disciplines (CADAAD
2006), University of East Anglia, Norwich,
UK, 29-30 June 2006. [Abstract and slides available online].
KhosraviNik, M. (2008). Actors, actions
and argumentation: Towards a systematization of CDA analytical categories in
representation of social actors. Critical Approaches to Discourse Analysis
Across Disciplines Conference (CADAAD 2008. University of Hertfordshire, United
Kingdom, July 10-12, 2008.
KhosraviNik, M. (2007). Actor, action,
argumentation: Towards an amalgamation of CDA methodological categories in
representations of social actors. The Second Lancaster University Postgraduate
Conference in Linguistics and Language Teaching (LAEL PG 2007). Lancaster
University, July 5, 2007.
3. Invited talks
Baker, P. (2008). Fleeing, sneaking, flooding: a corpus analysis of discursive
constructions of refugees and asylum seekers in the UK Press 1996-2005.
University of Huddersfield, 23 January 2008.
Baker, P. (2007). Flooding, crawling,
sneaking: A corpus analysis of discursive constructions of refugees and asylum
seekers in the UK Press 1995-2006. University of Liverpool, 17th October 2007.
Baker, P. & Gabrielatos, C. (2009). Construction of refugees and asylum seekers in British
newspapers, 1996-2005: A corpus-based approach. Language Ideology
and Power Research Group (LIP)
Special Symposium: “The politics of exclusion” – investigating
issues of racism, anti-Semitism, xenophobia…, 9 February 2009. [Abstract and slides available online].
Gabrielatos, C. (2009). Corpus-based methodology and
critical discourse studies: Context, content, computation. Invited
presentation,
Gabrielatos, C. (2008). Collocational analysis as a
gateway to critical discourse analysis: The case of the construction of
refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants in the UK press. English Language
Institute, University of Michigan, 10 March 2008.
Gabrielatos, C. (2008). Compiling
topic-specific corpora from limited-access online databases. Corpus Linguistics Advanced Research Education
and Training (CLARET). Lancaster University, 31 March 2008. [Abstract
and slides available online].
Wodak, R. (2010). Semiotics of racism. Departmental
lecture, LSE, London, 22 January 2010.
Wodak, R. (2008). Discourse and discrimination.
Departmental lecture, Kings College, London, 18 November 2008.
4. Research group presentations
Gabrielatos, C. (2007). Representation of refugees and asylum seekers in UK newspapers,
1996-2005: Report on the corpus-based analysis. Joint meeting of the Corpus
Research Group (CRG) and the Language Ideology and Power
Research Group (LIP), Department of Linguistics and English Language, Lancaster
University, 15
January 2007.
Gabrielatos, C. (2006). Selecting query
terms to build a specialised corpus from a well-defined, limited-access
database. Meeting of the Corpus Research Group
(CRG), Department of Linguistics and English Language, Lancaster University, UK, 30 October 2006.
Gabrielatos, C. (2006). Towards quantifying
'quality' in the press: Comparing the stance of UK broadsheets and tabloids
towards refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants. Paper given at the joint
meeting of the Corpus Research Group (CRG)
and Language, Ideology and Power
Research Group (LIP), Department of Linguistics and English Language,
Lancaster University, UK, 13 June 2006. [Abstract and
slides available online].
KhosraviNik, M. (2007). Representation of refugees and asylum seekers in UK newspapers,
1996-2005: Report on the CDA analysis. Joint meeting of the Corpus Research
Group (CRG) and the Language Ideology and Power
Research Group (LIP), Department of Linguistics and English Language, Lancaster
University, 15 Januray
2007.
Project Impact
1. Committees
Professor Ruth Wodak was invited to join an
interdisciplinary high-level expert committee, which will advise the Austrian Minister
for Interior Affairs on issues of integration of migrants, present
recommendations, and evaluate the implementation of the new law on integration
(National Action Plan for Integration 2011). Professor Wodak will act as an
expert on language (acquisition) and education. The launch of the expert
committee on integration attracted wide media attention.
2. Media
Prof. Ruth Wodak published
an article in Open Democracy entitled,
‘Old and new demagoguery: the rhetoric of
exclusion’ [10 May 2011].
Prof. Ruth Wodak
was interviewed on Driving
on the Right, a programme on the Far-Right in Austria and Germany,
broadcast on BBC Radio 4, on 15 February 2011. [Click on the link above to
listen to the programme on BBC iPlayer]
3. Publications making use of project outputs
Aaron,
J.E. (2010). An awkward companion:
Disability and the semantic landscape of English lame. Journal of English Linguistics, 38(1):
25-55.
Clary-Lemon, J. (2010). ‘We’re not
ethnic, we’re Irish!’: Oral histories and the discursive
construction of immigrant identity. Discourse
& Society, 21(1): 5-25.
Crush,
J. & Ramachandran, S. (2009). Xenophobia, international migration and human
development. United Nations
Development Programme, Human Development Reports, Research Paper 2009/47.
[Also online]
Culpeper, J. (2009). Keyness: Words, parts-of-speech and semantic categories in the
character-talk of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics,
14(1): 29-59.
Enright, M. (2009). Choice,
culture and the politics of belonging: The emerging law of forced and arranged
marriage. Modern Law Review, 72(3): 331-359.
Fairclough, N. (2009). A dialectical-relational
approach to critical discourse analysis in social research. In R. Wodak & M. Meyer (Eds.), Methods
for Critical Discourse Analysis, 2nd edition, 162-186.
Gooberman-Hill, R., French, M., Dieppe, P. & Hawker, G. (2009). Expressing pain and fatigue: A new method of
analysis to explore differences in osteoarthritis experience. Arthritis Care &
Research, 61(3): 353-360.
Hajek, M. & Kabele, J. (2010). Dual discursive
patterns in Czech activists' internet media communication. European Journal of Communication, 25(1): 43-58.
Hiruy, K. (2009). Finding home far
away from home: Place attachment, place-identity, belonging and resettlement
among African-Australians in Hobart. Master’s Dissertation,
University of Tasmania. [Online]
Krzyzanowski, M. & Wodak, R. (2008). The Politics of
Exclusion: Debating migration in Austria. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction
Publishers.
Krzyzanowski, M. & Wodak, R. (2008). Migration und Rassismus in Österreich. In B. Gomes, A.
Hofbauer, W. Schicho & A. Sonderegger (Eds.). Rassismus. Beiträge
zu einem vielgesichtigen Phänomen. (Serie GEP: Gesellschaft,
Entwicklung, Politik). Wien:
Mandelbaum, 257-279.
Kwon, W., Clarke, I. & Wodak, R. (2009).
Organizational decision-making, discourse, and power: Integrating across
contexts and scales. Discourse &
Communication, 3(3): 273-302.
Lawton, R. (2008). Language policy and ideology in the United States: A
critical analysis of ‘English Only’ discourse. In M. KhosraviNik
& A. Polyzou (Eds.), Papers from the
Lancaster University Postgraduate Conference in Linguistics & Language
Teaching, Vol. 2: Papers from LAEL PG 2007.
Lancaster University, 78-103. [Online]
Marchi, A. & Taylor, C.
(2009). If on a winter’s night two researchers…: A challenge to
assumptions of soundness of interpretation. CADAAD
Journal, 3(1): 1-20. [Online]
Marchi, A. & Taylor,
C. (2009). Establishing the EU: The representation of Europe in the press
in 1993 and 2005. In: A.H. Jucker, D. Schreier & M. Hundt (Eds.), Corpora:
Pragmatics and Discourse, Papers from the 29th International Conference on
English Language Research on Computerized Corpora (ICAME 29), 203-226. Rodopi.
Mautner, G. (2009). Checks and balances: How corpus linguistics can contribute
to CDA. In R. Wodak & M. Meyer (Eds.), Methods
for Critical Discourse Analysis, 2nd edition, 122-143.
May, C. (2009). Images of Capitalism in North and
South. In: Proceedings of the ECPR
General Conference, Potsdam/Germany, 12 September 2009. [Online]
May, C. (2009). Structural alignment: Changing
orders in North and South. In: Proceedings
of the 50th ISA Annual Convention, Feb 15, 2009, New York. [Online]
Oteíza, T. (2010). Patrones valorativos
en el discurso oficial de Derechos Humanos en Chile: Dando valor al pasado y construyendo memorias históricas en la sociedad. Discurso & Sociedad, 4(1): 151-183.
Πολυμενέας, Γ. (2010). Σημασιολογική προτίμηση και προσωδία του ΜΕΤΑΝΑΣΤΗΣ στον ελληνικό και κυπριακό τύπο [Semantic preference and prosody of IMMIGRANT in the Greek and Cypriot press].
Proceedings of the 5th Athens Postgraduate Conference of the Faculty of
Philology, National and Kapodistrian University of
Athens, 29-31 May 2009, 244-252. [Online]
Phelan, S. & Shearer, F. (2009). The
“radical”, the “activist” and the hegemonic newspaper
articulation of the Aotearoa New Zealand foreshore
and seabed conflict. Journalism Studies,
10(2): 220-237
Polson, E. & Kahle, S.
(2010). Limits of National Discourse on a Transnational Phenomenon: A Case
Study of Immigration Framing in the BBC Online. International Communication Gazette, 72(3): 251-268
Richardson,
J.E. & Wodak, R. (2009). The impact of visual racism: Visual arguments in
political leaflets of Austrian and British far-right parties. Controversia,
6(2): 45-77.
Seidman-Zager, J. (2010). The securitization of asylum: Protecting UK
residents. Refugee Studies Centre Working
Paper Series, 57. Oxford Department of International Development,
University of Oxford. [Online]
Sidiropoulou, M. (2008). The translator as social scientist: The T.E.G.MA compilation
project. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Athens International
Conference on Translation and Interpretation, Hellenic American Union, 10-11
October 2008. [Online]
Simpson, J. (2009). A critical stance in language
education: A reply to Alan Waters. Applied Linguistics, 30(3):428-434.
Taylor, C. (2009). The representation of immigrants
in the Italian press. Occasional Papers, 21/2009. Siena: University of
Siena. [Online]
Unger,
J.W. (2010). Legitimating inaction:
Differing identity constructions of the Scots language. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 13(1): 99-117.
Valdeón, R.A. (2009). Discursive constructions of terrorism in Spain:
Anglophone and Spanish media representations of Eta. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 19(1): 66-83.
Wodak,
R. (2010). The glocalization
of politics in television: Fiction or reality? European Journal of Cultural
Studies, 13(1): 43-62.
Wodak,
R. & Köhler, K. (2010). Wer
oder was ist ‘fremd’? Diskurshistorische
Analyse fremdenfeindlicher Rhetorik
in Österreich. Sozialwissenschaftliche Studien, 1:
33-55.
Wodak,
R. (2009). In Osterreich nichts
Neues - oder doch? Zukunft, 7(8): 18-22.
Wodak,
R. (2009) Prejudice, racism, and discourse. In Pelinka,
A., Bischof, K. & Stögner,
K. (eds.), Handbook of Prejudice.
Amherst, NY: Cambria Press, 409-443.
Wodak,
R. (2009) The semiotics of racism: A Critical Discourse-Historical Analysis.
In: Renkema, J., (ed.) Discourse, of course : an
overview of research in discourse studies. Amsterdam: Benjamins,
311-326.
Wodak,
R. (2009). Das Ende der Aufklarung? In Ehalt, H.C., Hopf, W. & Liessmann, K.P.
(eds.), Kritik & Utopie. Positionen und Perspektiven.
Munster: LIT Verlag, 442-447.
Wodak,
R. (2008). ‘Us’ and ‘Them’: Inclusion/Exclusion –
Discrimination via Discourse. In G. Delanty, R. Wodak
& P.R. Jones (eds.), Identity, Belonging, Migration. Liverpool:
Liverpool University Press, 54-78.
Wodak,
R. (2007) Pragmatics and Critical Discourse Analysis. A cross-disciplinary
inquiry. Pragmatics and Cognition,
15(1): 203-225.
4. Courses listing project outputs as required or
recommended reading
·
Language Rights (University of
Essex, UK).
·
International Migration and Ethnic Relations (Malmö University, Sweden).
·
Politics and the Media (University of
Milan, Italy).
·
Rhetoric - a Research Environment (Örebro University,
Sweden).
If you have used
outputs of the RAIM project in a publication and would like it to be listed
here, please let us know
This
page is maintained by Costas Gabrielatos